Displacement-pump.



E. A. WATTS.

DISPLACEMENT PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 26, 1915.

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DISPLACEMENT PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28. 1915.

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ELMER A. WATTS, F SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

DISPLACEMENT-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

Application filed November 26, 1915. Serial No. 63,419.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMER A. WATTS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Displacement- Pumps, of which the following'is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing. 7

This invention relates to displacement pumps and more particularly to a pump of this type for use in pumping ,oil.

This invention is in the nature of an improvement upon the structures shown, de-

scribed and claimed in the applications filed by I. L. Dunn and myself March 18, 1915, Ser. No. 12,795, on which Letters Patent N 0. 1,187,579 were granted June 20th, 1916, and April 19, 1915, Ser. No. 22,296. The present invention covers a structure which has several advantages in common with the structures shown in said applications and other advantages besides. Like the devices shown in said prior applications the embodiment shown here is automatic. It does away with all unnecessary labor and useless expenditure of power or compressed air to operate the same. The devices shown in said applications, however, must be situated closely adjacent to the well itself.

An object of the present invention is to obviate this inconvenience; to eliminate a large part of the labor necessary in the operation of the pump; and to'eliminate waste of power and inefficiency.

It is also an objectof the invention to provide means from the surface or top of the well for controlling the time for the chamber to fill so that air is not turned on again until the chamber is completely filled with liquid; and means for adjusting the time of cut-ofl so that no air escapes through the discharge pipe which carries the fluid. .1

It is also an object of the invention to provide means for automatically controlling the admission of air or other gaseous fluid and its exhaust from the pump.

A further object of the invention is to obtain a pump capable of pumping large quantities of fluid.

A further object of the invention is to eliminate the necessity for using weights within the chambers; to provide a pump having a wide range of application; and to provide adjustable means for adjusting the pump to wells of varying flow and capacity.

It is also an object of the invention to provide such a mechanism which will be simple in its construction and operation; and which will be so constructed and arranged that there will be very little or no wear on the parts thereof and that a very little attention will be required to maintain the parts in working condition.

More particularly it is an object of the invention to devise a mechanism compact and simple and arranged entirely outside of the well, such mechanism being capable of performing its p ping operation several miles or more from the well.

It is also anobject of the invention to provide a' mechanism automatically operated by a suitable fluid, such as the fluid pumped or a gas, the mechanism causing the compressed air or other gas to expel the fluid from the chamber when the well is 'filled and shutting off the compressed air when the well is empty.

his a further object of the invention to provide valve means for-regulating the mechanism to adapt it to wells of difl'erent capacity and rate of flow so that the mechanism will operate at the proper time eflicientlv and economically.

It is also an object of the invention to provide means for regulating the time and.

amount of discharge of the fluid from the well where definite amounts of the same only are required.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the complete pump; Fig. 2 is an enlarged viewof the upper portion of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is'an enlarged view, partly in section, taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section" taken on the line 44of Fig. 3, looln'ng in the direction .of the arrows; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3, looking in the-direction of the arrows; Fig. 8 is a section on the line 88 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the'arrows; Fig. 9 is a section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 3,

shown the same as mounted in an oil well having the usual casing 1 and provided at its'lower end with a pocket 2 into which the oil seeps or flows from the surroundingrock. Mounted in the lower part of the w'ell,preferably near the bottom of the pocket is an oil receptacle, such as .a casing 3 having therein an oil chamber which has communication with the wellto permit the oil to enter the chamber'and rise therein as it rises in the well. In thepresent instance the chamber is provided in its bottom with an inlet 4 which, however, communicates with the interior of the chamber at a point above the bottom thereof. To this end the bottom of the casing has a short tube 6 extending upwardly therefrom and provided at its upper end with a check valve 7 which will permit the oil to pass through the opening 4 into the chamber, but which will prevent it from escaping from the chamber through this opening. The casing 3 which contains the oil may be supported in the well in any suitable manner, but it is here shown as secured to the lower end of an air exhaust and intake pipe 8 and oil discharge pipe'9 secured to a head 10. The gases in the pocket 2 pass out through the gas discharge indicated at 11. Y

a At 12 is indicated a check valvelocated in the oil discharge pipe. In the upper portion of the oil discharge pipe 9 is located avalve 13 which regulates the amount of flow of the oil or other fluid therefrom. This valve has a screw-threaded stem 14 which is capable of being adjusted by means external thereto and indicated at 15. This control valve controls the flow of fluid through a discharge pipe 16 which constitutes a continuation of the discharge pipe 9 above mentioned. Located above the discharge pipe 16 and its valve 13 is a cylinder 17 having a chamber and a suitable head 17 This cylinder communicates with the discharge pipe 9 through the instrumentality of a duct 18. In the upper portion of the duct 18 is. located a check valve 19. This check valve is kept from dis placement by means of a stop 19 located thereabove and within the cylinder 17. The fiow of liquid through said duct 18 is controlled by a valve 20 having a suitable pas sage 20' therethrough. Located in the chamber of the cylinder 17 is a piston 21 having a rod 22 which reciprocates through the head 17 of the cylinder 17. At the upper end of the piston rod 22 is located a weight 23. The chamber of the cylinder 17 also has an outlet for the fluid, which outlet is indicated at 24. This outlet is controlled by a suitable valve 25 and this valve 25, as here shown, comprises a chamber 26 having a pair of openings, one of the openings communicable with the passage 24 and the other opening communicable with a passage 26. 27 indicates a passage leading from the passage 26 into the oil discharge pipe 16 in front of the valve 13. It will 21 will be carried around through the bypass into the passage 26 and out through the passage 27 into the oil discharge pipe 16. A valve casing 30 is mounted upon the cylinder head 17 adjacent to the. piston rod 22. This casing 30 has a chamber 30.

Communicating with the lower portion of v this chamber and connected to it at 31 is the air exhaust and intake pipe 8. An air intake pipe 32 is connected with said chamber at 32. Both the air exhaust and intake pipe 8 and the air intake pipe 32 enter the chamber adjacent to an enlarged portion, 33, thereof. Mounted within this valve casing 30 is a valve piston 34 of a unitary structure. The upper end of this valve. piston has a greater area than the. lower end, as will be seen by reference to the drawings, (Figs. 2 and 3). A portion of this valve piston 34 is shaped to constitute a Valve face 35 which cooperates with a corresponding portion of the valve casing constituting a valve seat 36. Above the valve seat 36 is located an aperture or series of apertures constituting relief ports, indicated by the numeral 37, the valve structure above set forth constitutin an exhaust valve, the opening of which, the exhaust and the closing of which closes the same. Connected to the valve piston below the said exhaust valve is a reduced portion 38 having an enlarged head 39 constituting a valve face which cooperates with a corresponding portion of the valve casing 40, the part 40 constituting a valve seat. The portions last mentioned constitute the inlet valve for the air exhaust and intake pipe 8.

Mounted above the casing 30 is a cover 41 on which is located a vertical lug 42. Passing upward from the chamber 30' through as will be seen, opens the cover and lug is a passage 43. Connectpivot 48 is located on the lug 42. Pivotally mounted upon the same is a plate 49. This plate 49 extends parallel to and is closely adjacent to the lug 42 and is held in frictional contact therewith by means of a spring 50. The inner face of this plate has a groove 51 of such a length that in a certain position of the said plate the groove 51 will span the two openings 44 and 46. The plate 49 has also a transversely extending passage 52 which can be moved to communicate with the passages 43 and 44. The pivoted plate 49 has a forked extension 53 which embraces the piston rod 22. Spaced upon the said piston rod 22, above and below the forked extension, are a pair of lugs 54 and 55.

Ihe operation of the device is as follows: When the pump is to be utilized on any par ticular well it is first adjusted. The control valve 15 will be adjusted to allow a restricted amount of the fluid or oil to be expelled through the discharge pipe 16. The control valve 20 is then adjusted and that fluid which does not pass out through the discharge pipe 16 passes into the chamber of the cylinder 17 In the position shown in the drawings the exhaust valve is open and the intake valve is closed. It will be presumed that the chamber in the cylinder 17 is filled with oil and the weight 23 on the piston rod 22 is slowly lowering under the influence of gravity and forcing the oil out through the passage 24. It will be apparent that the valve 25 can be regulated so that v the piston will reach its lower position at the instant that the oil chamber 3 has filled. When the piston 21 reaches its lowest position the lug 55 engages the fork of the pivoted member 49, rotating the same so that the groove 51 on its inner face will span the openings 44 and 46. It will be seen that at this point the compressed air passing up through the passage 47 passes into the chamber 30 and immediately shifts the valve piston This can be easily done as it will be noticed that the pressure on the upper part of the cylinder is greater than that on the lower part of the cylinder, due to the difference in area of the two ends. The compressed air is now admitted i to the chamber 3 and the oil immediately discharged out through the oil discharge 16, a portion of the oil passing into the cylinder 17. It will be noted that the valve 20 can be so adjusted that the piston will reach its highest position at the instant practically that the chamber 3 is emptied. When the piston reaches that position the lug 54- will rotate the member 49 and the passage 52 thereof will communicate; with the passages 43 and 44, creating an exhaust. The valve piston 34 'will then be shifted and the operation will be repeated.

It .will be noted that the pump is simple in i all of its parts; can be adjusted to any kind of a well; and that the time of discharge and the interval between the discharges .and the amount of discharge can be accurately regulated.

While I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention it will be understood that this has been chosen for the purposes of illustration only, and that I do not desire to be limited to the details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person' skilled in the art.

The term air as used herein is intended to comprehend any gas in the sense of the scientific classification of substances into gases, solids and liquids.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid sup ply, means for admitting compressed air to said chamber, a discharge line through which fluid is forced by said air, a casing having a chamber into which part of the fluid is forced, and a device within said last-mentioned casing adapted to be raised and lowered by the fluid entering and escaping therefrom and connected to said compressed air admitting means to cut ofl the supply when in its upper position.

2. In a pump, a casing, having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a valve controlled compressed air conduit communicating with said chamber, a discharge pipe for saidv chamber, ,a casing having a chamber provided with means communicating with said dischargepipe through which a part of the fluid passes, a device in said last-mentioned chamber controlled by the fluid from said discharge pipe entering and leaving the same for actuating said valve to open and close the same, and means for regulating the rate at. which fluid enters and leaves said last-mentioned chamber.

3. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a valvecontrolled compressed air conduit communicating with said chamber, a discharge pipe having a restricted opening, a casing having a chamber provided with means communicating with said discharge pipe at a point below said restricted opening, and a device in said last-mentioned chamber controlled by some of the fluid from said discharge pipe for actuating said ply, a discharge pipe, a valve controlled compressed air conduit communicating with for operating said valve.

5. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a valve controlled compressed air conduit communicating with said-chamber, a discharge line therefor, said discharge line being provided with a restricted opening, a casing adjacent said restricted opening and provided with a chamber having portions communicating with said discharge line on each side of saidrestricted opening, and a device within said last-mentioned chamber controlled by the fluid from said discharge linefor operating said valve. ,7

6. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a discharge line, a valve-controlled compressed air conduit communicating with said chamber, a casing having a chamber provided with a pair of openings communicating with said discharge line, valves for independently controlling the openings, and,

a device within said last-mentioned chamber for controlling the operation of said compressed air valve.

7 In a pump, a casing having a chamber, an inlet therefor communicating with a source of fluid supply, an outlet pipe having a restricted opening at its upper end, means for admitting air under pressure to said chamber, a cylinder having a chamber, a port connecting saidcylinder chamber with said outlet pipe, an outlet in said cylinder chamber, and means controlled byfluid entering said last-named chamber to operate said air-admitting means.

8. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, means for admitting air under pressure to said chamber, a discharge line provided with manually adjustable means for restricting the flow of fluid therethrough, and means operated by the fluid banked up by said restriction to control said air-admitting means.

9. In a pump, a casing having a chamber, an inlet'communicating with a source of fluid, a fluid discharge pipe communicating with said chamber, means for admitting air under pressure to said chamber, a cylinder 7 having a chamber, a port connecting said chamber with said discharge pipe, an outlet for said last-named chamber, control means for said port, and means controlled by the passage of fluid in said last-named chamber to operate said air-admitting means.

10. In a pump, a casing having a chamber, an inlet communicating with a source of fluid supply, a discharge pipe "leading from said chamber, a valve to control the flow of fluid through said discharge pipe, a cylinder having a chamber communicating with said discharge pipe, a check valve in said communicating portion, a valve controlled means for regulating said communicating portion, said cylinder chamber having an outlet port, valve means" for regulating said. outlet port, means for admits ting compressed air to said first-mentioned chamber, and means in said cylinder operated by the admission and expulsion of fluid therefrom for operating said air-admitting means, 4

112 In a pump, a casing having a chamber, a valve controlled inlet communicating with a source of fluid supply, a discharge pipe leading from said chamber, means for admitting air under pressure to said chamber, a cylinder having a chamber, said cylinder communicating by means of a passage with said discharge pipe, said cylinder'having an outlet, a piston mounted in said cylinder, means for moving said piston in one direction, said air admitting means being operated by the movement of said piston. v 12. In apump, a casing having a chamber, a valve-controlled inlet in I said chamber communicating with a source of fluid sup- 8 ply, an outlet for said chamber, means for admitting and exhausting compressed air connected to said chamber, a cylinder having a chamber, said cylinder communicating with said outlet, said cylinder also hav1ng an outlet, a. piston mounted in said lastnamed chamber, a piston rod thereon operatively connected to said compressed air means, means for moving said piston in one direction, and a by-pass communicating. with the upper portion of said cylinder and with the discharge line.

13. In a pump, a discharge pipe, means for regulating the size of the opening in sald dischar e pipe, a cylinder having a chamber, said cylinder located adjacent to said regulating means, a piston within said cylinder chamber, said piston having a piston rod, means for moving said piston rod in one direction, control valves for controlling the flow of fluid to and from said cylinder chamber, a valve casing mounted upon said cylinder, air intake and air exhaust and'intake pipes communicating with said valve casing, valves mounted within said valve casing, and means upon said valve casing cooperating with said piston rod for shifting said L valves. I v

14'. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supregulating the extent of time that air is being admitted to said chamber, and means for diflerentially regulating the extent of time that it is shut off, whereby the time of discharge may be different from the time of inflow.

15. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a discharge line, means for admitting compressed air to said chamber, means for controlling the admission of compressed air to said chamber, and means for diflerentially adjusting the time that the compressed air is being admitted and the time that it is 16. In a pump, a casing havinga chamber, an inlet communicating with a source of fluid supply, means for admitting compressed air to said chamber, an outlet for said chamber, means for adjusting the size of said outlet, and means for regulating the interval between the successive admissions of compressed air to said chamber.

17 In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a discharge line, means for admitting compressed air to said chamber, a device for automatically controlling said air admitting means, and adjusting devices for timing the operation of the automatic device so that the air will not be turned on until the chamber is completely filled with liquid and so that it will be cut off to prevent the escape of air through the discharge line.

18. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, a valve controlled compressed air conduit communicating with said chamber to force the fluid therefrom, a casing having a chamber provided with an opening through which part of the fluid may be forced by said compressed air, means for regulating the size of the o ening, and a device within said last-mentloned chamber for operating said valve.

19. In a pump, a casing having a chamber communicating with a source of fluid supply, means for admitting compressed air to said chamber for discharging the fluid therefrom, and means for controlling the admis- S1011 of compressed air comprislng a casing having a chamber communicating with a supply fluid and provided with adjustable means to control the rate of ingress and egress of the fluid. V

In testimonywhereof, I afiix my signature.

ELMER A. WATTS. 

